Category Archives: Diabetes drugs

Diabetes drugs protect against heart disease

  By admin | May 4, 2011 - 5:51 pm | Diabetes drugs
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The medication rosiglitazone (Avandia) controls diabetics’ blood sugar by binding to the PPAR gamma receptor in fat cells, doctors have known. Now new research shows that these receptors also exist in arteries, where they may help protect against heart disease, Dr. Ronald E. Law and colleagues at the University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine report in the March 21, 2000, Circulation. The study was a preclinical in vitro study using both human and rat tissue. Previous studies had “been divided as to [the receptor's] presence in the artery wall,” although they did show that it existed in other types of tissue, Dr. Law said. By binding to the … Continue reading →

Dose of Actos (Pioglitazone) as an Add-on to Insulin

  By admin | April 28, 2011 - 3:17 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Dose Comparison of Pioglitazone (Actos) (30 mg and 45 mg) as an Add-on to Insulin Study Design This was a multicentre, randomised, double-blind study of the safety and efficacy of a combination of 30 or 45 mg of pioglitazone (Actos) and insulin when given to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus whose glucose levels were poorly controlled by their current insulin therapy. Patients who participated in this study were at least 18 years of age, had an HbA1c value greater than or equal to 8.0%, and were on a stable, fixed dose (at least 30 units/day) of insulin for at least 30 days before the study. The primary efficacy variable … Continue reading →

Actos: Insulin-Sensitizing Agent for Type 2 Diabetes

  By admin | April 26, 2011 - 2:38 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Brand Name:  Actos Active Ingredient: pioglitazone HCl Indication: To improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, in conjunction with diet and exercise Company Name: Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc. Introduction Actos (pioglitazone HCl), a member of the thiazolidinediene (TZD) insulin-sensitizing class of drugs, was recently approved by the FDA for marketing in the US. Actos, developed by Takeda America Research and Development Center, Inc., is indicated for glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes. It can be used alone or in combination with sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin when these three agents prove to be ineffective on their own. Whether used as monotherapy or … Continue reading →

Few Antidiabetic Drugs

  By admin | September 8, 2010 - 7:23 am | Diabetes drugs
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Buformin (US Adopted Name, rINN) Drug Nomenclature Synonyms: Buformina; DBV; W-37 USAN: Buformin INN: Buformin [pINN (en)] INN: Buformina [pINN (es)] INN: Buformine [pINN (fr)] INN: Buforminum [pINN (la)] INN: Буформин [pINN (ru)] Chemical name: 1-Butylbiguanide Molecular formula: C6H15N5 =157.2 CAS: 692-13-7 (buformin); 1190-53-0 (buformin hydrochloride) ATC code: A10BA03 Profile Buformin is a biguanide antidiabetic. It has been given orally in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in doses of up to 300 mg daily. Buformin is also used as the hydrochloride. Proprietary Preparations Czech Republic: Adebit † Silubin- † … Continue reading →

Miglitol

  By admin | July 25, 2010 - 2:20 pm | Diabetes drugs
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(British Approved Name, US Adopted Name, rINN) Drug Nomenclature International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) in main languages (French, Latin, Russian, and Spanish): Synonyms: Bay-m-1099; Miglitol; Miglitoli; Miglitolum BAN: Miglitol USAN: Miglitol INN: Miglitol [pINN (en)] INN: Miglitol [pINN (es)] INN: Miglitol [pINN (fr)] INN: Miglitolum [pINN (la)] INN: Миглитол [pINN (ru)] Chemical name: (2R,3R,4R,5S)-1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol Molecular formula: C8H17NO5 =207.2 CAS: 72432-03-2 ATC code: A10BF02 Adverse Effects and Precautions As for alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in general (see Acarbose). Skin rash may occur. Miglitol should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. Interactions As for alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in general (see Acarbose). Miglitol may reduce the bioavailability of … Continue reading →

Sulfonylurea Antidiabetics

  By admin | July 23, 2010 - 2:10 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Synonyms: Antidiabéticos sulfonilureas; Sulfonylurea Antidiabetics; Sulphonylurea Antidiabetics Adverse Effects Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, heartburn, anorexia, diarrhoea, and a metallic taste may occur with sulfonylureas and are usually mild and dose-dependent increased appetite and weight gain may occur. Skin rashes and pruritus may occur and photosensitivity has been reported. Rashes are usually hyper sensitivity reactions and may progress to more serious disorders (see below). Facial flushing may develop in patients receiving sulfonylureas, particularly chlorpropamide, when alcohol is consumed (see under Interactions, below). Mild hypoglycaemia may occur severe hypoglycaemia is usually an indication of overdosage and is relatively uncommon. Hypoglycaemia is more likely with long-acting sulfonylureas such as … Continue reading →

Tolazamide

  By admin | July 20, 2010 - 2:06 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, US Adopted Name, rINN) Synonyms: NSC-70762; Tolatsamidi; Tolazamid; Tolazamida; Tolazamidum; U-17835 BAN: Tolazamide USAN: Tolazamide INN: Tolazamide [rINN (en)] INN: Tolazamida [rINN (es)] INN: Tolazamide [rINN (fr)] INN: Tolazamidum [rINN (la)] INN: Толазамид [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: 1-(Perhydroazepin-1-yl)-3-tosylurea; 1-(Perhydroazepin-1-yl)-3-p-tolylsulphonylurea Molecular formula: C14H21N3O3S =311.4 CAS: 1156-19-0 ATC code: A10BB05 Read code: y02Xk Pharmacopoeias. In British, Japan, and US. BP 2008 (Tolazamide). A white or almost white, odourless or almost odourless, crystalline powder. Very slightly soluble in water slightly soluble in alcohol soluble in acetone freely soluble in chloroform. The United States Pharmacopeia 31, 2008 (Tolazamide). A white or off-white crystalline … Continue reading →

Vildagliptin

  By admin | July 18, 2010 - 2:02 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Drug Nomenclature Synonyms: LAF-237; NVP-LAF-237 INN: Vildagliptin [rINN (en)] INN: Vildagliptina [rINN (es)] INN: Vildagliptine [rINN (fr)] INN: Vildagliptinum [rINN (la)] INN: Вильдаглиптин [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: (2S)-{[(3-Hydroxyadamantan-1-yl)amino]acetyl}pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile Molecular formula: C17H25N3O2 =303.4 CAS: 274901-16-5 Profile Vildagliptin is an inhibitor of the enzyme dipeptidylpeptidase-4, an enzyme responsible, among other roles, for the degradation of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1 insulinotropin), which plays a role in regulating insulin secretion. Vildagliptin is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus it may be added to metformin, a sulfonylurea, or a thiazolidinedione, when monotherapy with these is insufficient. It is given orally in a dose of 50 mg twice daily when given … Continue reading →

Troglitazone

  By admin | July 16, 2010 - 1:58 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, US Adopted Name, rINN) Synonyms: CI-991; CS-045; GR-92132X; Troglitazona BAN: Troglitazone USAN: Troglitazone INN: Troglitazone [rINN (en)] INN: Troglitazona [rINN (es)] INN: Troglitazone [rINN (fr)] INN: Troglitazonum [rINN (la)] INN: Троглитазон [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: (±)-all-rac-5-{p-[(6-Hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-chromanyl)methoxy]benzyl}-2,4-thiazolidinedione Molecular formula: C24H27NO5S =441.5 CAS: 97322-87-7 ATC code: A10BG01 Read code: y0AXP Adverse Effects and Precautions Troglitazone has been associated with severe hepatic reactions, sometimes fatal, which has led to its withdrawal in most countries. Regular monitoring of liver function during therapy, and withdrawal of the drug in any patient who develops j aundice or signs of liver dysfunction, is required. It should not … Continue reading →

Tolbutamide

  By admin | July 14, 2010 - 4:45 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, rINN) Synonyms: Butamidum; Tolbutamid; Tolbutamida; Tolbutamidas; Tolbutamidi; Tolbutamidum; Tolglybutamide BAN: Tolbutamide INN: Tolbutamide [rINN (en)] INN: Tolbutamida [rINN (es)] INN: Tolbutamide [rINN (fr)] INN: Tolbutamidum [rINN (la)] INN: Тольбутамид [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: 1-Butyl-3-tosylurea; 1-Butyl-3-p-tolylsulphonylurea Molecular formula: C12H18N2O3S =270.3 CAS: 64-77-7 (tolbutamide); 473-41-6 (tolbutamide sodium) ATC code: A10BB03; V04CA01 Read code: y02Xp; y07lN Pharmacopoeias. In China, Europe, International, Japan, and US. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Tolbutamide). A white or almost white, crystalline powder. Practically insoluble in water soluble in alcohol and in acetone. It dissolves in dilute solutions of alkali hydroxides. The United States Pharmacopeia 31, 2008 (Tolbutamide). … Continue reading →