Tag Archives: Chlorpropamide

Eric’s expanding waistline

  By admin | November 7, 2010 - 6:44 pm | Medical Practice
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• review the features of type 2 diabetes mellitus; • outline common changes in the vasculature associated with diabetes; • summarize renal, ocular and neuronal complications of poorly controlled diabetes; • explain the uses of biguanide, sulfonylurea and thiazolidinedione drugs in the management of type 2 diabetes. His workmates had started to tease Eric about his expanding waistline; the overalls he wore to work would no longer fasten round his middle. In fact, Eric was only too aware that his weight had increased by about 40 lb in the last three years to 200 lb, mostly as a result of daily takeaways and drinking copious amounts of beer each night … Continue reading →

Few Antidiabetic Drugs

  By admin | September 8, 2010 - 7:23 am | Diabetes drugs
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Buformin (US Adopted Name, rINN) Drug Nomenclature Synonyms: Buformina; DBV; W-37 USAN: Buformin INN: Buformin [pINN (en)] INN: Buformina [pINN (es)] INN: Buformine [pINN (fr)] INN: Buforminum [pINN (la)] INN: Буформин [pINN (ru)] Chemical name: 1-Butylbiguanide Molecular formula: C6H15N5 =157.2 CAS: 692-13-7 (buformin); 1190-53-0 (buformin hydrochloride) ATC code: A10BA03 Profile Buformin is a biguanide antidiabetic. It has been given orally in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in doses of up to 300 mg daily. Buformin is also used as the hydrochloride. Proprietary Preparations Czech Republic: Adebit † Silubin- † … Continue reading →

Gliclazide

  By admin | August 6, 2010 - 3:24 pm | Drugs
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Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, rINN) International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) in main languages (French, Latin, and Spanish): Synonyms: Gliclazida; Gliclazidum; Gliklatsidi; Gliklazid; Gliklazidas; Glyclazide; SE-1702 BAN: Gliclazide INN: Gliclazide [rINN (en)] INN: Gliclazida [rINN (es)] INN: Gliclazide [rINN (fr)] INN: Gliclazidum [rINN (la)] INN: Гликлазид [rINN (ru)] Chemical name: 1-(3-Azabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-3-yl)-3-tosylurea; 1-(3-Azabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-3-yl)-3-p-tolylsulphonylurea Molecular formula: C15H21N3O3S =323.4 CAS: 21187-98-4 ATC code: A10BB09 Read code: y02XY Pharmacopoeias. In China, and Europe. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Gliclazide). A white or almost white powder. Practically insoluble in water slightly soluble in alcohol sparingly soluble in acetone freely soluble in dichloromethane. Adverse Effects, Treatment, and Precautions As for sulfonylureas … Continue reading →

Insulin

  By admin | July 28, 2010 - 2:25 pm | Insulin
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Drug Nomenclature Synonyms: Insuliini; Insulin; Insulina; Insulinin; Insulinum CAS: 9004-10-8 (insulin; neutral insulin); 11070-73-8 (bovine insulin); 12584-58-6 (porcine insulin); 11061-68-0 (human insulin); 8063-29-4 (biphasic insulin); 9004-21-1 (globin zinc insulin); 68859-20-1 (insulin argine); 8049-62-5 (insulin zinc suspensions); 53027-39-7 (isophane insulin); 9004-17-5 (protamine zinc insulin); 116094-23-6 (insulin aspart); 9004-12-0 (dalanated insulin); 51798-72-2 (bovine insulin defalan); 11091-62-6 (porcine insulin defalan); 160337-95-1 (insulin glargine); 133107-64-9 (insulin lispro) ATC code: A10AB01 (human); A10AB02 (beef); A10AB03 (pork); A10AB04 (lispro); A10AB05 (aspart); A10AB06 (glulisine); A10AC01 (human); A10AC02 (beef); A10AC03 (pork); A10AC04 (lispro); A10AD01 (human); A10AD02 (beef); A10AD03 (pork); A10AD04 (lispro); A10AE01 (human); A10AE02 (beef); A10AE03 (pork); A10AE04 … Continue reading →

Sulfonylurea Antidiabetics

  By admin | July 23, 2010 - 2:10 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Synonyms: Antidiabéticos sulfonilureas; Sulfonylurea Antidiabetics; Sulphonylurea Antidiabetics Adverse Effects Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, heartburn, anorexia, diarrhoea, and a metallic taste may occur with sulfonylureas and are usually mild and dose-dependent increased appetite and weight gain may occur. Skin rashes and pruritus may occur and photosensitivity has been reported. Rashes are usually hyper sensitivity reactions and may progress to more serious disorders (see below). Facial flushing may develop in patients receiving sulfonylureas, particularly chlorpropamide, when alcohol is consumed (see under Interactions, below). Mild hypoglycaemia may occur severe hypoglycaemia is usually an indication of overdosage and is relatively uncommon. Hypoglycaemia is more likely with long-acting sulfonylureas such as … Continue reading →

Pregnancy: Management of labour

  By admin | June 28, 2010 - 7:51 pm | Diabetes Treatment
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Dramatic changes in insulin sensitivity may occur in insulin-dependent diabetics at the time of delivery. Once active labour has started, insulin requirements fall. After delivery, once the placenta and its hormonal products have been removed, there is a further rapid reduction in insulin requirement. Indeed, immediately after delivery, insulin requirements may fall below pre-pregnancy values. During labour the simplest scheme is to use a constant infusion of 10% glucose at a rate of 1 L every 8 hours. An independent insulin infusion of human soluble insulin, initially at 1 unit/h, is also given; this is subsequently adjusted on the basis of hourly bedside blood glucose. This system may be used irrespective … Continue reading →

Pregnancy: Oral hypoglycaemic agents

  By admin | June 25, 2010 - 7:45 pm | Management
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Commonly, women with type 2 diabetes are taking sulphonylureas and/or metformin prior to conception. Hitherto, these have little place in the management of diabetes in pregnancy, although the use of metformin has been attracting increasing interest in recent years. The main anxiety about sulphonylureas in pregnancy is the possibility of further increasing the degree of fetal hyperinsulinaemia by direct drug-induced stimulation. Sulphonylureas, with the exception of glyburide, cross the placenta and have been implicated as a direct cause of neonatal hypoglycaemia. The long-acting agent chlorpropamide is particularly dangerous and should not be used in the last 4 weeks of gestation. There is no convincing evidence that these drugs are teratogenic. Metformin, … Continue reading →

Glibenclamide

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  By admin | June 17, 2010 - 6:26 am | Diabetes drugs
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Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, rINN) International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) in main languages (French, Latin, and Spanish): Glibenclamida; Glibenclamidum; Glibenklamid; Glibenklamidas; Glibenklamidi; Glybenclamide; Glybenzcyclamide; Glyburide (US-AN); HB-419; U-26452 C23H28CIN305S = 494.0. CAS — 10238-21-8. ATC — A10BB01. Note. The name glibornuride has frequently but erroneously been applied to glibenclamide. Pharmacopoeias. In China, Europe, International, Japan, and US. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Glibenclamide). A white or almost white, crystalline powder. Practically insoluble in water slightly soluble in alcohol and in methyl alcohol sparingly soluble in dichloromethane. The United States Pharmacopeia 31, 2008 (Glyburide). Store in airtight containers. Adverse Effects, Treatment, and Precautions As for … Continue reading →

Chlorpropamide

  By admin | June 12, 2010 - 2:52 pm | Diabetes drugs
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Drug Approvals (British Approved Name, rINN) International Nonproprietary Names (INNs) in main languages (French, Latin, and Spanish): Chloropropamid; Chlorpropamid; Chlorpropamidas; Chlorpropamidum; Clorpropamida; Klooripropamidi; Klorpropamid Pharmacopoeias. In China, Europe, Japan, and US. European Pharmacopoeia, 6th ed. (Chlorpropamide). A white or almost white, crystalline powder. It exhibits polymorphism. Practically insoluble in water soluble in alcohol freely soluble in acetone and in dichlo-romethane dissolves in dilute solutions of alkali hydroxides. Protect from light. The United States Pharmacopeia 31, 2008 (Chlorpropamide). A white crystalline powder having a slight odour. Practically insoluble in water soluble in alcohol sparingly soluble in chloroform. Adverse Effects and Treatment As for sulfonylureas in general. … Continue reading →

Type 2 diabetes: the management of blood glucose. Part 3

  By admin | June 6, 2010 - 9:48 am | Management
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The National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) [UK] Which drugs should be used initially to control blood glucose? Metformin When blood glucose is inadequately controlled with lifestyle interventions, metformin is the first-line drug of choice in all patients with type 2 diabetes, particularly those who are overweight (BMI >25 kg/m) (see Figure: Treatment algorithm for management of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes). Sulphonylureas are an alternative in patients who are not overweight. However, metformin is the only oral … Continue reading →