Oral agents for glucose management
Five classes of oral pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes have been approved in the United States by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In general, there is no clinical evidence of superiority of a particular drug over another in elderly patients. Knowledge of pharmacokinetics, side effects, and potential interactions allow for a safe use of these drugs in older patients with diabetes. Two classes of drugs, the sulfonylureas and the meglitinides improve glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Other agents target different mechanisms in the underlying pathogenesis of the disease, such as the reduction of carbohydrate absorption (a-glucosidase inhibitors) and improvement in insulin … Continue reading